Barriers to Adult Learners

Hindrances to Adult Learners Substance (Jump to) Presentation Hindrances TO ADULT LEARNERS Situational hindrances Institutional hindrances Dispositional hindrances Scholastic obstructions Business preparing obstruction Social and financial hindrances Defeating BARRIERS TO ADULT LEARNING End References Presentation Courtney, S. (1989) Adult Education is a mediation into the standard business of lifean intercession whose quick objective is change, in information or in fitness. A grown-up teacher is one, basically, who is talented at making such intercessions. Who are grown-up students? Grown-up students are regularly considered as the students who are beyond 25 years old years. They are ordinarily alluded as non-conventional understudies. Grown-up students bunch has various capacities, wide scope of instructive foundations and social foundations. They have more obligations and encounters. In conventional instruction framework, when understudies finish the secondary school, they take a crack at tertiary training. It very well may be a confirmation or an undergrad program. Grown-up student commonly doesn’t follow the customary training framework. â€Å"The grown-up instruction is additionally called â€Å"workforce education† (Mary Jo Self, Ed.D.) Learning is a long lasting procedure. It begins from the absolute first day of life to the absolute a day ago of the life. The majority of the individuals feel that, the learning or examining happens just in school or school life. This reasoning might be more from the grown-ups. Grown-up students will have numerous obligations not at all like a new secondary school understudy. A large portion of the grown-ups are all day laborers and full time guardians as well. They generally have numerous hindrances to learn. These obstructions can be partitioned into different classes. It very well may be physical hindrance, attitudinal obstruction or a basic boundary. The facts demonstrate that grown-ups consistently face a few difficulties that more youthful individuals don’t need to confront. A portion of the examinations show that numerous grown-up ladies additionally face bunches of obstructions like early pregnancy, low financial status and kid care and a lot more as a hindrance to learn. These boundaries will be comprehensively examined. A central perspective to proceeding with advanced education is distinguishing and defeating of obstructions to grown-up learning. The principle motivation behind this task is distinguishing why grown-ups are less in learning process. Along these lines, I will for the most part center around the boundaries to grown-up learning. Later in the task, I will attempt to give a few plans to survive or lessen the obstructions in grown-up learning. Boundaries TO ADULT LEARNERS A fundamental viewpoint to proceeding with advanced education is to recognize and conquered the hindrances to grown-up learning. â€Å"Adult students are an expanding populace in advanced education. Somewhere in the range of 1969 and 1984, the quantity of grown-ups taking an interest in instruction programs expanded 79 percent† (Kristen M. De Vito, Eastern Illinois University). This gathering of understudies accept learning as a genuine work. This gathering of students share are huge amount of number understudies learning in an instructive foundation. Despite the fact that, the number grown-up students are expanding step by step there are numerous boundaries for them to learn and to get fruitful in their life. The obstructions to grown-up learning can be portrayed as follows. Situational obstructions Institutional obstructions Dispositional obstructions Scholastic obstructions Business preparing obstructions Social obstructions Situational obstructions The circumstance obstructions for the most part happen as for a specific circumstance. Due a negative condition throughout everyday life, some grown-up don't need take an interest in learning. At some point, these conditions make them disappointment to go to an instructive instate. This hindrance is for the most part working related or family conditions. There might be countless obligations that one needs to do simultaneously. These duties might be a higher priority than heading off to an instructive establishment. Because of these horrible circumstances the chance to learn and to teach will be a lot of limited for those students. This obstruction may include: Occupied work routine: Most of the grown-ups who are willing learn will be attempting to gain. Due the bustling calendar in their work place, they may not get sufficient opportunity to go an instructive foundation. At some point, because of high everyday costs, they might be working more than one spot to win. Their bustling timetable may have no an ideal opportunity to apportion for considering. The working people may need to confront this hindrance. Family and youngsters: This obstruction for the most part may face to ladies. The greater part of the occasions, in numerous societies’ ladies are answerable for family and kids particularly. They need to care for kids, taking care of them, taking them to class or some other house works are predominantly done by the ladies. This condition will even worm if a couple live alone on the grounds that there might be nobody or a couple to take care of the youngsters. Men additionally need to face such a circumstance. Money related issues: Many individuals quit concentrating after the secondary school because of budgetary issues. That is the one of the primary reasons why individuals join workforce, to acquire. A large portion of the occasions, grown-up students don't procure enough cash to spend for their education cost. This is exceptionally large worry for the greater part of the grown-ups who need learn and the vast majority of the individuals stop their learning procedure at point. This is probably the greatest issue that grown-up students may look in Maldives. Absence of youngster care administrations: Child care focuses will help individuals to move to occupations and just as to read if time takes into account them. Be that as it may, tragically, this administration is uncommon in many creating and immature nations. For instance, in Maldives, scarcely we have any childcare community. Transportation: This is additionally one of the conditions that individuals may confront. On the off chance that there is a decent transportation frameworks individuals can make a trip from home to the spot of study. Tragically, the transportation framework may not be exceptionally methodical much rustic territory on the planet or might be costly to venture out starting with one spot then onto the next. Notwithstanding previously mentioned situational conditions, some different circumstances that put a boundary to learn are tangible or learning inability, absence of help from others like from family or business. Institutional hindrances Institutional hindrances are the bothers looked from the instructive establishments. This trouble might be either the plan of the course, technique for conveying addresses or even here and there regulatory challenges. Institutional boundaries happen deliberately or accidentally. A portion of the institutional hindrances include: Trouble in paying education costs: Some of the instructive foundations are severe in paying education costs for them. Such foundations have fixed dates to pay or an extremely brief timeframe line to pay the education costs. Due the absence of cash or absence of time grown-up students may confront heaps of obstructions to pay the education costs. A portion of the students may stop the projects due to this trouble. Burdens looked because of ill-advised planning of the projects: There are cases that organizations regularly offer full-time programs for the students. This wills a major issue for the grown-up students, since they are attempting to acquire. Taking care of a full time projects will be difficult to a grown-up student. No courses are accessible to addresses students issues: This is again one of the obstructions that leaners may need to confront. There may an exceptionally predetermined number of courses accessible in an available foundation. There are no wide assortments of projects accessible. This will make grown-up students stop at a point. Absence of fundamental capability to enter the program: This is again another issue that grown-up students or even customary students may need to confront. Since the grown-up students are for the most part including in the work aptitude programs, they need to stop now. The vast majority of the grown-up students may not need return and study as a conventional understudies with the goal that they can increase enough capability to enter their preferred program. Area: The area of an instructive organization additionally assumes a significant job to take an interest grown-ups in learning process. Much of the time, the instructive organizations are situated in created regions. This will profit just to the individuals who lives here. In the event that we take a gander at the Maldives, the vast majority of the grown-ups in atolls will confront this issue in light of the fact that practically all the tertiary instructive foundations are situated in Male’. In spite of the fact that they need study they won't have enough access due to the area. Dispositional boundaries Dispositional boundaries are associated with the inward or individual factors that put an obstruction to learn for grown-ups. This obstruction principally discusses the learners’ mentality to learn. Numerous grown-up students may have negative disposition towards learning. This might be because old enough factor and additionally might be less outcomes are made in the past investigations. Obviously, if an individual didn't make a decent outcome in their customary instruction framework then the greater part of the individuals will have a negative mentality to learn in future. This will influence their mental viewpoints in learning. The age factor is additionally a significant dispositional factor that can be depicted as a dispositional factor. Individuals may think they are too old to even consider going for an instructive organization. They may disregard the way that, â€Å"learning is a long lasting process†. There are a few circumstances where the student may be too wi ped out to even consider carrying out the errand of inclining. â€Å"Health issues rose up out of our hands on work as a significant hindrance for students and potential learners† (Peter Bates and Jane Aston, 2004) .The accessibility of time is additionally a significant factor. Because of occupied of a grown-up, they probably won't have sufficient opportunity to go to an instructive organization. The grown-up are all day laborers, all day guardians and when they join for instruction they become full time understudies as well. Not every person can possibly concentrate with this very timetable in their life. The individual undertakings like occupation, youngster and family care are more significant for them than learning. There is anothe

Star dust relationships Free Essays

Chief Shakespeare tutor of youth In the film Stardust, a film about a kid turning into a man however a Journey for adoration, connections assume a key job in the plot. Allurement sent the primary character Tristan on a Journey that will change an incredible course. Tristan in the end finds the fallen star and the connection among Yvaine and Tristan has started. We will compose a custom exposition test on Star dust connections or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Tristan and Yvaine learn numerous things along their Journey particularly while meeting Captain Shakespeare. The things they gain from Captain Shakespeare are that, there are ifetimes to construct seconds to devastate, Tristan turns into a man and the two of them discover that genuine romance is directly before them. Tristan’s desire towards Victoria has sent him on a Journey to locate the fallen star, which has fallen on the opposite side of the divider, a spot where individuals from England are not to cross. At the point when Tristan finds the star, Yvaine, he returns her on the Journey to the divider. In the long run after a timeframe they end up in the mists where they are gotten by the alarming chief Shakespeare. Chief Shakespeare is a man iding something different, something that he wouldn’t show somebody he doesn’t trust, concealing the way that he has a delicate side. He contrived an approach to get Tristan and Yvaine to the divider. During that time he tells Tristan the best way to fght and Yvaine to waltz, the entire time attempting to conceal this delicate side he has, despite the fact that he is flooding with satisfaction. He uncovers to Yvaine about the well established actuality that she is a star since she has been shining more brilliant consistently and he thinks he knows precisely why. This coach to student relationship is one that identifies with a wide range of things, for example, the children learning rom their folks. The second thing these two gain from Captain Shakespeare is that there are lifetimes to manufacture and seconds to obliterate. This implies what it seems like, one has an entire lifetime to fabricate a notoriety for them, while yet there are seconds to crush. Commander Shakespeare is a fine portrayal of this for he himself has an extremely huge, and mistaken, notoriety to continue. Being the commander of the Sky vessel and child of the unbelievable Captain Ghostmaker, he is known as a homicidal executioner who is intense as nails. He picked his name Shakespeare as a result of the English artist and dramatist, however his team considers it to be â€Å"shake spear†, or shaking a lance. Under his intense outside chief Shakespeare could be known as a â€Å"softy’, he jumps at the chance to take on the appearance of a lady now and then to communicate his actual emotions. He will later be trapped in the activity by Prince Septimus, one of the 2 outstanding rulers endeavoring to find Yvaine, the fallen star. Chief Shakespeare’s team, in the wake of pursuing Septimus off the vessel, sees him spruced up as a lady with cosmetics on and says that they all realized he was whoopsie. They wouldn’t have seen as anything diverse then as their commander regardless of how he might have been, which likewise shows that notoriety isn’t precisely everything. The exact opposite thing that Captain Shakespeare instructs Tristan is that affection is directly before him. Tristan initially went to discover the star for the young lady he had always wanted Victoria, she allows him seven days to discover the star and take it back to her or she will wed Humphrey. Victoria needs to â€Å"bought† for her affection and when Yvaine requests that Tristan inform ner some all the more regarding Victoria Tristan nas no more to state about her. He never ully acknowledges what he has before him until he meets Captain Shakespeare. Shakespeare has seen Tristan and Yvaine develop to be not quite the same as the individuals that showed up on the vessel toward the start of their Journey. Tristan presently has long hair, a blade and the abilities to go with the sword. Yvaine is no longer in a wraparound and has figured out how to waltz. The two have changed into greater and better individuals. During the time wherein Yvaine and commander Shakespeare are moving Tristan removes Yvaine from Shakespeare and hits the dance floor with her, as they move she sparkles as she miles and snickers at things Tristan says and does. This makes commander Shakespeare grin. Before the two leave skipper Shakespeare gives Tristan a thing of helping and a murmur, in which he said that Tristan’s genuine affection is truly directly before him clearly what he was stating, is that Yvaine is his genuine affection. This thus, ends up being valid for Tristan and Yvaine become hitched and Tristan becomes lord. Chief Shakespeare shows Tristan 3 primary things that affection can now and then be directly before you, that there is a lifetime to manufacture and seconds to demolish, and tells and eaches Tristan the best way to turn into a man. Tristan and Yvaine become hitched and Tristan realizes who his mom truly is. In Tristan turning into a man he goes to Victoria and as opposed to tossing the stone at his window, an untainted activity, he thumps on her entryway to disclose to her that he doesn’t need be and she needs to grow up. At that point as he is surrendering remains over to Humphrey and demonstrates much more that he has developed into something else. This is the means by which Tristan and Yvaine develop into various individuals through the superb forming hands of Captain Shakespeare. The most effective method to refer to Star dust connections, Papers

Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf Essay Topics?

Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf Essay Topics?For those looking for essays related to William Shakespeare and his works, there are many various options for those looking for who's afraid of Virginia Woolf essay topics. The subject of fiction and reality is wide open for interpretation, and one would be wise to understand the intent of the writer, and work with the writer to establish what may be acceptable for publication. When working with a writer that demands extreme creativity, this is an area that can be a little challenging to navigate.In the previous article we presented several potential topics. There are those that work towards a particular genre, and those that go with broad strokes. These types of writing are the ones that are likely to have the most success, and the lowest barrier to entry to work with. A Shakespeare scholar should be able to find a story to their liking that can be appropriately set in modern society and technology.There are those who will want to work in the realm of literary detective, and use the works of literature to expose the flaws within a certain era. Again, the specific genre and medium of choice are going to be of the utmost importance when it comes to success. Whether this is journalism fiction, or even poetry, the idea of getting at the truth in regards to the world in which we live is paramount.By extension, the work in which we live in modern day has had some significant impact on the world of writing. Art must be seen in modern day environments. The emotion and the art must be analyzed in our daily lives. When one is researching the topic of who's afraid of Virginia Woolf essay topics, they need to be able to address these concerns.Whatever the writer decides to do, they must realize that it will likely come down to one's author's style. Whether or not this works is dependent upon the person being chosen for the assignment. It is inevitable that this person will have opinions about the work they will be discussing and will be able to focus on the topic in a way that the reader will find interesting.One thing is for sure, it will be difficult to not feel as though the writer is interested in what they are doing. This is the first step in the process of becoming a published author. The writer will become interested in their own work and how others may perceive it.When working on the essay, one needs to learn to keep a look out for the areas where others may look at the work in a different light. If there is a piece of criticism, it must be expressed properly. The essay must be written in a manner that is clear, concise, and straight to the point.Who's afraid of Virginia Woolf essay topics? This topic was left wide open for interpretation, and it will be a challenge to get through the entire process with any success. As with any form of writing, it requires work and practice, but the rewards are huge when one is able to meet these needs.

Adoption Of The American Dream - 1622 Words

Adoption in America The American dream is to be successful and create a family; unfortunately some families are not able to create families on their own. A lot of those families will turn to the option of adoption. Adoption is very common now a day in America. Not only do people adopt because they can’t have children, some of the cases of adoption is because a family member adopts a child because the birth parents are unable to provide for them. Another of the cases is when a step parent adopts a child of his/hers new marriage so the child can also be theirs. Adoption in America is very common even though it can be quite difficult to adopt depending on the circumstances. There are different types of adoption and each comes with its pros and cons. Unlike blood related families, adoptive families are created through the law. Even if a child is raised by an adult throughout their whole life, they won’t be recognized as their own until they are adopted. Adoption didnâ€⠄¢t come around until the mid-nineteenth century. You have to go through a state court and have good reasons why the child should be adopted by you. Once a child is adopted and it is finalized by the court in the final hearing, the birth parent has no rights over the child. The new adoptive parents have the option to have the child’s birth certificate changed and even change the date of birth. When the new birth certificate is made it is sealed and closed until the child’s 18th birthday because before that theShow MoreRelatedShould Same Sex Marriage Be Allowed?1620 Words   |  7 Pagesone of the few times where people make a public promise of love and responsibility for each other and ask our friends and family to hold us accountable. Growing up every child dreams of one day of getting married and being with their soul mate for the rest of their life’s on this earth. It’s even called â€Å"the American dream† to have a happy middle class family. But what happens when love becomes complicated? Some say that â€Å"love is blind,† and they are right. Love is between the souls of two peopleRead MoreThe Collapse And Revival Of American Community By Robert Putnam1382 Words   |  6 Pages In his famous book Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Robert Putnam charted the decline in social capital and social institutions since the 1950s while arguing that a vibrant and successful democracy ultimately requires significant engagement from a wide segment of its population. This argument was something that even concerned Tocqueville (2006) regarding the American Experiment. Tocqueville marveled in the strengths of organizations such as the church in America. HoweverRead Mo reEssay on Adoption as an Option for Infertile Women872 Words   |  4 PagesImagine getting married to the love of your life, knowing from the day that you first laid eyes on him that he was the one that was going to father the children that you would have in the coming years. Three months after having the wedding of your dreams, you find out you are pregnant after two years of trying to conceive and you could not be happier. Celebrating with friends and family eager to share with them the good news that you were expecting a miracle after almost giving up, you are jubilantRead MoreThe Voting Rights Act Of 19651549 Words   |  7 Pagesmid-20th century. Moving forward, the country adopted strategic frameworks that were to guide towards a new era devoid of discrimination. The aspect of political participation was one fundamental instrument that was subsequently integrated into the American social dynamics. The enactment of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 sought to empower the minorit y groups to participate in the electoral processes, and to eliminate the barriers that existed in the political landscape. Some of the achievements of theRead MoreThe Adoption Process Of The United States1498 Words   |  6 Pagescouples hope of one day having the â€Å"American Dream.† A little house in a nice neighborhood with a white picket fence, a dog, and children playing in the yard. Sadly, this dream is not as easy to obtain for some as it is for others. 1 out of every 6 couples experience difficulty with fertility; however, not all hope is lost. The medical field offers several different options for those experiencing the pains of infertility such as IUI and IVF. For some, adoption seems to be the best, or only optionRead MoreThe Life Of Abortion And Adoption . 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It’s supposed to be branded in the hearts of every United States citizen however, when it comes to homosexuals, citizens of the United States wake up and the dream is demolished. Gay sex marriage is the most conflicting issue in the contemporary social world. Marriage is an association of persons through which we perceive the reflection

Quartzite Rock Geology and Uses

Quartzite is a nonfoliated metamorphic rock that consists mostly of quartz. Its usually a white to pale gray rock, but occurs in other colors, including red and pink (from iron oxide), yellow, blue, green, and orange. The rock has a grainy surface with a sandpaper texture, but polishes to a glassy shine. Key Takeaways: Quartzite Rock Quartzite is a hard, nonfoliated metamorphic rock formed by the action of heat and pressure upon sandstone.Usually, the rock is white or gray, but it occurs in other pale colors. It has a grainy, rough surface. Magnification reveals a mosaic of quartz crystals.Pure quartzite consists entirely of silicon dioxide, but usually iron oxide and trace minerals are present.Quartzite occurs in folded mountain ranges at convergent plate boundaries worldwide. How Quartzite Forms Quartzite forms when pure or nearly pure quartz sandstone undergoes heating and pressure. Usually this is caused by tectonic compression. The sand grains of sandstone melt and recrystallize, cemented together by silica. Quartzite arenite is the intermediate stage between sandstone and quartzite. Arenite is still considered to be a sedimentary rock, but it has an extremely high quartz content. However, its difficult to identify the transition from sandstone to quartzite. Some geologists use the term quartzite to refer to metamorphic rocks consisting almost exclusively of quartz. Here, quartzite is identified by the way it fractures across grain boundaries, while arenite breaks around them. Other geologists simply identify quartzite as a tightly-cemented rock found above or below a band of sedimentary quartz rock. Quartzite Composition Quartzite consists almost entirely of silicon dioxide, SiO2. If the purity is about 99% SiO2, the rock is called orthquartzite. Otherwise, quartzite commonly contains iron oxide and may contain trace amounts of the minerals rutile, zircon, and magnetite. Quartzite may contain fossils. Properties Quartzite has a Mohs hardness of 7, which is comparable to that of quartz and considerably harder than sandstone. Like glass and obsidian, it breaks with a conchoidal fracture. Its coarse texture makes it difficult to hone to a fine edge. Under magnification, quartzites interlocking crystal structure becomes apparent. Magnified thin section of quartzite displays its mineralogy. Jackdaan88 Where to Find Quartzite Quartzite forms at convergent tectonic plate boundaries. Converging plates bury sandstone and exert compression. As the boundary folds, mountains arise. Thus, quartzite is found in folded mountain ranges worldwide. While erosion weathers softer rock away, quartzite remains, forming peaks and cliffs. The rock also litters mountain sides as scree. Quartzite cliffs surround Lake Oberon in Tasmania, Australia. Whitworth Images / Getty Images In the United States, you can find quartzite in eastern South Dakota, southwestern Minnesota, the Wasatch Range of Utah, the Baraboo Range of Wisconsin, Central Texas, near Washington, D.C., portions of Pennsylvania, and the mountains of Arizona and California. The town of Quartzite in Arizona takes its name from the rock in the nearby mountains. Quartzite occurs throughout the United Kingdom, the La Cloche Mountains in Canada, the Rhenish Massif in Continental Europe, Brazil, Poland, and the Chimanimani Plateau of Mozambique. Uses Quartzites strength and toughness lends itself to many uses. Crushed quartzite is used in road construction and for railway ballast. It is used to make roofing tiles, stairs, and flooring. When cut and polished, the rock is quite beautiful, as well as durable. It is used to make kitchen countertops and decorative walls. High-purity quartzite is used to make silica sand, ferrosilicon, silicon carbide, and silicon. Paleolithic humans sometimes made stone tools out of quartzite, although it was harder to work than flint or obsidian. Quartzite Versus Quartz and Marble Quartzite is a metamorphic rock, while quartz is an igneous rock that crystallizes from magma or precipiates around hydrothermal vents. Sandstone under pressure becomes quartz arenite and quartzite, but quartzite does not become quartz. The construction industry further complicates the matter. If you buy quartz for countertops, it is actually an engineered material made from crushed quartz, resin, and pigments and not the natural rock. Another rock commonly confused with quartzite is marble. Both quartzite and marble tend to be pale-colored, non-foliated rock. Despite having a similar appearance, marble is a metamorphic rock made from recrystallized carbonate minerals, not silicates. Marble is softer than quartzite. An excellent test to distinguish the two is to apply a bit of vinegar or lemon juice to the rock. Quartzite is impervious to weak acid etching, but marble will bubble and retain a mark. Sources Blatt, Harvey; Tracy, Robert J. (1996). Petrology: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic (2nd ed.). Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-2438-3.Gottman, John W. (1979). Wasatch quartzite: A guide to climbing in the Wasatch Mountains. Wasatch Mountain Club. ISBN 0-915272-23-7.Krukowski, Stanley T. (2006). Specialty Silica Materials. In Jessica Elzea Kogel; Nikhil C. Trivedi; James M. Barker; Stanley T. Krukowski. Industrial minerals rocks: commodities, markets, and uses (7 ed.). Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration (U.S.). ISBN 0-87335-233-5.Marshak, Stephen (2016). Essentials of Geology (5th ed.). W. W. Norton Company. ISBN 978-0393601107.

Ancient Rome Essay - 820 Words

The story of ancient Rome is a tale of how a small community of shepherds in the central Italy grew to become one of the greatest empires in history, and then collapsed. According to Roman legend. Rome was founded in 753 B.C. By 275 B.C., it controlled most of the Italian Peninsula. In the A.D. 100’s, the Roman Empire covered about half of Europe, much of the Middle East, and the northern coast of Africa. The empire then began to crumble, party because it was too big for Rome to govern. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The millions of people who lived in the Roman Empire spoke many languages and followed many different customs and religions. But the Roman Empire bound them together under a common system of law and government. The languages†¦show more content†¦At the heart of a Roman city laid the forum- a large open space surrounded by markets, government buildings and temples. Rich and poor gathered together in the bustling forum and at the baths, theaters, and arenas. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The earliest Romans believed that gods and goddesses had power over agriculture and all aspects of daily life. During the 300’s B.C., the Romans came info increasing contact with Greek ideas. They then began to worship Greek gods and goddesses. They gave them Roman names and built temples and shrines in their honor. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The government controlled the religion of ancient Rome. Priests were government officials, who were either elected or appointed to office. But by A.D. 100, many Romans had lost interest in their religion. They became attracted to the religions of the Middle East, which appealed strongly to the emotions. Christianity, one of the Middle Eastern religions, gained many followers. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Romans began their day at sunrise. Breakfast was usually a light meal of bread and cheese. Most Romans ate lunch just before midday. For wealthy Romans, it consisted of meat or fish and olives or fruit. Dinner, the main meal, began in the late afternoon so that it would end before sunset. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Wealthy Romans ate several courses at dinner. Their first course might include eggs, vegetables, and shellfish. TheShow MoreRelatedWomen in Ancient Rome1214 Words   |  5 Pagesmasks. In general, men kept most professions for themselves, relegating women to the home or the shop. Wealthier women could become priestesses, of whom the most important were the Vestal Virgins, who guarded the holy flame of the goddess Vesta in Rome. These were the only ones of all the priests and priestesses who were dedicated full-time to their work. The expected career of a Roman woman was to become a wife and mother, and to run the household. If girls received an education, it was onlyRead MoreThe State Of Ancient Rome Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesIn its heyday Ancient Rome was many great thingsm it was the military Powerhouse of the world, it had uncomparable economic power and and at peakm the empire of Rome had over 5 million square kilometres in it s Territory. The state even had the population of Rome held within their control, as you can imagine this wasn’t done through trnsperency and good morales, but instead through various scare tactics and manipulation, this paper will focus on one aspect of the states control over the RomanRead MoreThe Civilization Of Ancient Rome1595 Words   |  7 Pages The civilization of Ancient Rome thrived from the sixth century BC to the fifth century AD. The Roman Empire was the second empire to conquer most of the Mediterranean Sea basin, the first being the Ancient Greeks. After taking over the former Greek Empire, the Romans assimilated many aspects of Greek culture into their own, including the Greek Architecture. The main attributions to Ancient Roman architecture are cement, the arch, the vault, the dome and centralized road systems. The RomanRead MoreA Day in Ancient Rome1415 Words   |  6 PagesIf I had to choose an ancient time or civilization to live in I would choose Rome. I would choose Rome because I find their lifestyle to be more down to earth then most other ancient civilizations, specifically the Greeks. Their artwork, building, and excellent military are major points of interest to me. Further, in examining what daily life would be like for me in that time I chose to research both the life of a patrician, or upper class man, and the life of a soldier. In the following paragraphsRead MoreEssay Ancient Rome1769 Words   |  8 Pages In this report about ancient Rome I will be talking about a lot of different things. One thing is how ancient Rome was different from ancient Greece, their daily life activities and lifestyles, and also about their religion. The ancients Romans were very different from the ancient Greek. â€Å"The ancient Romans were down-to-earth realists, not idealists.†(Donn2) You can see this in their statues. The Greeks made statues of perfect people. The Romans created real life statues. A good example of thisRead MoreSlavery in Ancient Rome1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe experiences of enslaved women differed from the experience of enslaved men in ancient Rome; slavery within ancient Rome can be traced back to the first century BCE and was based primarily on the chattel slave system. Slavery within the ancient roman society was highly normalised as it was considered a part of roman culture. Slavery within ancient Rome was so heavily normalised that it is considered to be described as a â€Å"slave society† Joshel (2010, p. 6) states that â€Å"For slaves living in theRead MoreThe City Of Ancient Rome1835 Words   |  8 PagesThe city of Ancient Rome was a major center for the regional and internat ional trade of goods. Rome was colonized in the 8th century BC that expanded and soon became one of the largest empires during the time and is still one of the most famous cities in the world. In the beginning, the empire was only a small town located on the Timber River, which was used for trade. Over time, the city expanded over most of the territory around the Mediterranean Sea and was made up of more than one million peopleRead MoreHumanities in Ancient Rome2129 Words   |  9 PagesHumanities in Ancient Rome 2-14-2013 T-TR 12:30-1:45 Mathis Ancient Rome was a turning point in history. It is considered by many to be one of the most important and influential societies to ever dominate Earth. At Rome’s peak in the history of civilization, one could not go anywhere from Spain to Saudi Arabia without being influenced in some way or another by the empire. Over the twelve centuries of Rome’s existence, it produced hundreds upon thousands of architects, musicians, playwrightsRead MoreThe Age Of Ancient Rome1885 Words   |  8 PagesDuring the age of Ancient Rome, there was a strong belief in gods, spirits and the afterlife. It was believed that Romans were pessimistic and negative towards death and the afterlife but after extensive research, another opinion has arisen. This newer theory states that Romans were in actual fact fearful of the afterlife since it was such an unknown. Funerary practises were ritualistic and important but they did not have a pessimistic view on the afterlife and death. Roman funerary practicesRead MoreRoman Art Of Ancient Rome1707 Words   |  7 PagesThe art of Rome is considered completed art of ancient society. Legitimately argue that, although Roman masters continued the tradition of Hellenic, yet the art of ancient Rome - an independent phenomenon, determined by the course and the course of historical events, and living conditions, and the originality of religious beliefs, character traits of the Romans, and other factors. Roman art as a special artistic phenomenon began to study only in the twentieth century is essentially realized only

Discuss Piagets theory of cognitive development free essay sample

Cognitive Development can be defined as the development of thought processes. This includes thinking, concept understanding, problem solving, and decision making and remembering from childhood on to adulthood. There are two theories of Cognitive development that offer us two different ways of understanding it. The first is called Domain general. This theory states that one line of development determines all of the changes in a child’s intellectual system (van Geert, 1998). This means that if one thing goes wrong then it will impact on all other areas of a child’s cognitive system, resulting in a high scale problem. The second is the Domain specific theory. This theory varies from the domain general theory as it states, different lines of cognitive development operate independently. It sees cognition as a heterogeneous system. Jean Piaget (1896-1980) is the most well-known psychologist in the field of cognitive development. He was a French man that originally trained in biology and philosophy sectors. Piaget was the first person to suggest that children see the world differently to adults; he then developed methods to investigate this before any other psychologist had studied this area. Piaget set the basis for his research methods primarily on case studies because they were descriptive and for Piaget, the domain general theory of cognitive development was the correct one. The problem with this is that it is impossible to use case studies in order to draw conclusions about cognitive development to the entire population, therefore lacking population validity. Piaget used the direct method of question and answer to find out how a child’s reasoning differs from an adult (D. M. G. Hyde, 1970). He believed that the differences in intellectual development are always a result of either direct or indirect changes that occur in a person’s logical ability. 120281576 Piaget created a stage theory of cognitive development in children. This stage theory centres on the thought that children develop cognitive skills by interacting with objects in their environment. Children gain mental representations by this interaction which causes them to base the world on their experiences with the objects (Piaget, 1972). Piaget’s stage theory consisted of four stages that he said all children went through when developing cognitive skills. It was a stage theory which means that a child cannot develop to a late stage without first developing through all of the preceding stages; it was a one way coherent process. Stage one was the Sensory Motor stage. This is the period where language has not been formed yet by the infant. This stage focuses on the child from birth to two years of age. The child interacts with its environment by manipulating objects as the child has not developed language skills yet (Piaget and Inhelder, 1969). The child will use all of its other senses, such as taste and touch, to explore the world surrounding them. Initially the child will use sucking and grasping reflexes and then eventually move on to reaching for objects. Infants firstly believe that if they cannot see an object then it does not exist, the ‘Out of sight, out of existence’ principle applies here (Martin, Carlson and Buskist, 2010). When the child reaches about eight months of age, the child will begin to understand the concept that the object can still exist even when it is out of sight. Stage two is the pre-operational stage. This occurs between the ages of two and seven. The key milestone in this stage is egocentrism and domain perception. Children in this stage believe that everything is about them; they have an egocentric view of the world. Piaget’s three mountains task was used in order to detect the ability to mentally rotate an image (Inagaki et al. , 2002). Children aged four or five were not able to say what another person would be able to see from their view; these skills are not gained until the age of around nine years old. 120281576 In stage three we have the concrete operations where children begin to gain some logical reasoning about the world. This stage occurs between seven and twelve years of age according to Piaget. They start to solve conservation problems but are very limited to concrete situations as they find systematic thinking difficult (Piaget, 1972). Stage four is the formal operational stage, ages twelve and above. Children learn to think about abstract ideas logically in this stage. They learn to understand that their behaviour can have different consequences under different condition (Piaget, 2008). There are many critics of Piaget’s stage theory, Margaret Donaldson and Hughes to name a few. A problem with his theory is that it proposes a single linear sequence that holds four very broad stages where each person must pass in order to fully develop their cognitive skills (Feldman, 2004). It therefore is too general as it does not give us much detail about the different stages and does not take into account any individual differences at all. On the other hand, Piaget used good methodology throughout his studies, constantly being careful in picking out his sample so that the sample would have population validity (Shayer, 2003). Another problem with Piaget’s stage theory is that his results and methodology do not necessarily test the theoretical claims of it. The negative observations, such as a child’s failure to be able to see from another person’s perspective, do not automatically mean a positive thesis, e. g. the child has a special mode of thought that prevents this (Feldman, 2004). Piaget’s stage theory still remains the standard theory against which all new theories of cognitive development are judged. However, it is a mutual agreement that Piaget may of under-estimated the cognitive abilities of children between two and eight years of age. He has also failed in observing that schooling and literacy affect the rates of development in children (Anders et al. , 2012). Piaget’s studies had good population validity due to him using a large 120281576 sample and large range of participants in his studies. His approach seems logical and has high value in this area.

Is education only learned in school free essay sample

School influences people in many different ways, such as academic knowledge, social activities, and other students stuff. However, the importance of schooling is outweighed by that Of other experiences beyond school, like going to Africa to visit young patient suffering from AIDS, or wandering around the yard in the soft moonlight to gain inspiration of composing songs. How can you seek inspiration through the combination of love and nature can hardly be learned through professors lectures, but by using our hearts to feel and to appreciate.Going to the place where people lead a strenuous life as well as experiencing the pain from diseases does help us realize that we should appreciate the happy life we are leading, and to what extent we are supposed to contribute ourselves to the society. I admire Lady Diana Frances Spencer, Princess of Wales, for her visit to Africa during which she shook hands with children who got AIDS and respect her for her ignorance of the royal contentment of her kindness towards the poor, she could have lived economically amply without such care of other arduous people; however, she pursued spiritual intactness which ties her heart to that of all. We will write a custom essay sample on Is education only learned in school or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since such recruits of complete soul is rarely taught in school, we learn it from our daily like little by little. How to live, which we accumulate from our own experiences outside school is no wonder more essential than make a living, which we are taught in school every day. As a part of how to live, besides taking care of others, drawing inspiration from life also plays an indispensable role in our lives. How to seek inspiration through the combination of love and nature can hardly be learned through professors lectures, but using our hearts to feel and to appreciate.Though academic education may teach us math, history, ND how to write papers, it is social education that gives us the tools to communicate with other people. Since each of us will probably live in social communities for the rest of our lives, the latter education is undeniably necessary. Hence, burying our noses in books will only make us into capable scholars, but not necessarily capable members of society. Basically, school is crucial in peoples life, yet not the most important and influential part of human life. School is a place where we use academic knowledge to better understand the world and sublimate our souls.

Free Essays on Settings In Wuthering Heights

Settings in Wuthering Heights In the novel, Wuthering Heights, Brontà « often sets the scene with imagery depicting settings and weather changes. The setting descriptions are indicative of the characters’ traits. This is apparent immediately in the novel when Lockwood questions the title of the house. Lockwood is quoted spinning the word â€Å"Wuthering† in his head. Wuthering is defined as â€Å"being a significant provincial adjective, descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed to stormy weather.† Lockwood refers to the moors as the station exposed to stormy weather. The moors are mentioned throughout the novel as a setting that brings fierce winds to its inhabitants. The evil and darkness of the characters are foreshadowed by the swampy, stormy bogs. All those who inhabit Wuthering Heights are considerably pervert and have bad intentions, like the constant revenge seeking Heathcliff and Hareton characters. Lockwood notes the eerie chill in the air once he reaches the gates of Wuthering Heights. The very presence of the house makes him â€Å"shiver through every limb.† The iciness of the air surrounds only Wuthering Heights. This conveys the general corruptive nature the characters possess. Heavy snowfall begins immediately after Lockwood enters through the gates. The coldness continues then into the house as Heathcliff shows his inhospitality and lack of concerns for others. Heathcliff offers Lockwood little food or drink as the guest in his house. He extends no helping hand when Lockwood is attacked by his vicious dogs and refuses to send a guide with Lockwood on his journey home. He is stubbornly hesitant to let Lockwood stay the night to avoid the storm even though he has a terrible cold. An essential scene in the storyline occurs when Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff overhears Catherine telling Nelly that she simply cannot marry Heathcliff. His anger dri... Free Essays on Settings In Wuthering Heights Free Essays on Settings In Wuthering Heights Settings in Wuthering Heights In the novel, Wuthering Heights, Brontà « often sets the scene with imagery depicting settings and weather changes. The setting descriptions are indicative of the characters’ traits. This is apparent immediately in the novel when Lockwood questions the title of the house. Lockwood is quoted spinning the word â€Å"Wuthering† in his head. Wuthering is defined as â€Å"being a significant provincial adjective, descriptive of the atmospheric tumult to which its station is exposed to stormy weather.† Lockwood refers to the moors as the station exposed to stormy weather. The moors are mentioned throughout the novel as a setting that brings fierce winds to its inhabitants. The evil and darkness of the characters are foreshadowed by the swampy, stormy bogs. All those who inhabit Wuthering Heights are considerably pervert and have bad intentions, like the constant revenge seeking Heathcliff and Hareton characters. Lockwood notes the eerie chill in the air once he reaches the gates of Wuthering Heights. The very presence of the house makes him â€Å"shiver through every limb.† The iciness of the air surrounds only Wuthering Heights. This conveys the general corruptive nature the characters possess. Heavy snowfall begins immediately after Lockwood enters through the gates. The coldness continues then into the house as Heathcliff shows his inhospitality and lack of concerns for others. Heathcliff offers Lockwood little food or drink as the guest in his house. He extends no helping hand when Lockwood is attacked by his vicious dogs and refuses to send a guide with Lockwood on his journey home. He is stubbornly hesitant to let Lockwood stay the night to avoid the storm even though he has a terrible cold. An essential scene in the storyline occurs when Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff overhears Catherine telling Nelly that she simply cannot marry Heathcliff. His anger dri...

Derivatives And Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Derivatives And Risk Management - Essay Example Risk management is the process of identifying, understanding, analysing, accepting, or mitigating risk. Risk management can be divided into two main processes, determining the level of risk exposure in an investment and then handling that risk in the best way possible in line with the objectives of the investment (George, 2012, pp.34-38). The risk of financial exposure affects all organisations, both directly and indirectly. Though financial exposure presents the opportunity for loss, it may also present strategic benefits for making profits. The financial losses of a company arise from three main sources. The first source of risk is a company’s exposure to changes in the market prices of commodities (Philippe, 2001, pp.23-25). Second is through actions and transactions of third parties such as creditors and counterparties to derivative transactions, and finally are financial risks occurring from the internal failures of the organisation, people, or processes. Financial risk arises from countless transactions of a financial nature which an organization engages in such as purchases, investments, and loans repayments. If financial prices rise, there is the possibility that the company makes financial losses (Philippe, 2001, pp.3-6). ... Financial risk management usually involves the use of derivatives which are traded widely among financial market players. A derivative is a security whose price is derived from one or more other assets. It is just a contract between two parties specifying conditions under which payments will be made in future between the two parties. Examples of derivatives are options, futures, forwards, and swaps. In the past, diversification was the main way of financial risk management but has now been overrun by the availability of derivatives in most markets which makes it possible for both corporate as well as individual investors to manage risks (Whittaker, 2009, p.19). This paper will analyse the concept of hedging in financial risk management, the best hedging strategies, swaps, and options as they are used in risk management. 2.0 Hedging Vs. Speculation The management of risks involves the use of derivatives. Derivatives in financial risk management refer to securities whose value depends on the value of the underlying asset. Among the kinds of derivatives that exist in financial market includes futures, forward contracts, option, and swaps (Smith & Stulz, 2009, pp.267-284). The underlying assets whose values the derivatives depend on are stocks, bonds, interest rate, foreign exchange instruments, and even commodities. The respective derivatives for these assets are stock options, interest rates futures, currency futures, bond options, and commodity futures. Hedging is the strategy that is used when managing the risk of the underlying asset using derivatives (Nance, et al, 1993, pp.267-284). In financial markets, a hedge can be referred to as an investment position whose purpose is to offset a potential future

Buyer Behaviour & Market Research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 6

Buyer Behaviour & Market Research - Assignment Example The cognitive attitude consists of the positive and negative attribute that is related to the object. The effective component mainly consists of the attributes that include the emotions and the feelings that are related to the attitude of an object. The effective response has impacted the attitude in various ways. The behavioral component can be described as the attitude that comprises of the experiences and behavior of the past towards the attitude of an object. Attitudes are supported by behaviors if the influence of behavior has motivational significance for the concerned person. Attitude can be based on effective or cognitive behavior. The attitude that is based on cognitive behavior is mainly influenced by the knowledge and perception that the consumer develops by directly using and experiencing the product. There function mainly includes object appraisal which explains that people mainly classify or distinguish the object according to the punishment and the reward received by the customers. The cognitive theory can be defined as the process of improving and developing the knowledge and learning of the consumer behavior. The cognitive psychology is just the opposite of the behavioral approach. It mainly focuses on prioritizing the psychology of the internal organization. The characteristics and features of the cognitive buying behavior include experience, knowledge, understanding, and thinking of an individual and enforce or compel an individual in buying or purchasing a particular product. While purchasing the particular product the consumer is required to consider price, quality, and functionality for choosing the particular product.  

Does fair play have an important role in competitive sport Essay Example for Free

Does fair play have an important role in competitive sport Essay From the time of gods and goddesses, they have been competing in friendly sports and throughout time, it evolved into sports and even Olympics. From the time that sports were invented, the concept of fair play or sportsmanship was not yet apparent. But when sports were finally considered of great importance, the concept of fair play became universally understood. Basically, fair play is sportsmanship. For some, both players and audiences alike, consider it as the â€Å"golden rule† in sports. In fair play, you treat your team mates and opponents as someone you would like to be treated as. You show respect for yourself, your team mates, and your rivals. You should also demonstrate respect for both coaches of the opposing teams and other important figures in the field like the umpires, judges and other officials. (Sanders, 2005) But in modern times, it does not only apply to the players; consequently, it now also applied to the people watching the game. It now developed into an attitude that may influence the players, audiences and the game. (Sanders, 2005) In every sport, there is always a loser and a winner. But, the greatness of the game relies on how the players played the sport. And consequently, their sportsmanship should also be apparent in their game. It is undeniable that winning feels great but being a sport has a great role in a winner’s game. It can make or break a game. Today, when sports become an alley for talented players to become superstars, the spirit of sports become plagued. In retrospect, we have to keep in mind that being a sport has its advantages—and winning the game is one of it. While playing, playing fair not only helps to win a game but it also builds character. With the help of the coach, the athletes can reach their highest potential and so, they become better players and human beings. (Fakehany) Since sportsmanship is an attitude, it also teaches valuable lessons and builds character to a person. It has become a way of life both in and out of the field. And these very same attitudes help a person to be ready not just in the court but also outside (i. e. corporate life). How we play a game makes us introspective in a sense that it assists us to re-evaluate ourselves and reflect on our behaviors. www. yogiberramuseum. org, 2005) Sportsmanship is also vital so as not have massive brawls and misunderstanding in a competition. Fair play creates a friendly atmosphere wherein athletes can really enjoy the game from the beginning until the end. Unconsciously, it creates the mood of the entire game and it lessens the tendency of the players to have arguments. It makes both the opposing teams feel as if that they are not competing at all but more of a friendly competition. Peak) Research analysts have also done studies wherein it supports that indeed, fair play is a factor to win or how the team approaches the game. Apologists of sports say reiterate that fair play is a great way to avoid addiction and violence. For them, it is a mere socialization of the players with one another. And thus, it implies that because of fair play, players have more blissful and energetic strategy as compared with players who does not have a sense of sportsmanship. (GA. , 2005) Earlier, we have said that winning is a big part of a game. But definitely, there are always two sides in a story. Generally, competitors view winning as unimportant but the more aggressive view is that, it is the only thing. And, the main reason why we compete in a sport is to ultimately win the game. We usually strive to win. This very same reason makes us ponder why fair play plays an important role in a competitive sport. Firstly, when we want to compete, we assume that our competitor will also give his/her one hundred percent and they will also strive to win. And to eventually win the game, both of you will give your best. When we give your best, alongside with it comes all your athletic ability and might hoping that in the end, you will be successful. This is the mere essence of competition and sports—to win—but more importantly, to play the game fair. (Feigley, 2007) This philosophy is vice versa—for the player to win, he must give his best so that his best will let him win. Additionally, when both players give their best efforts, there will always be another chance where the two of you will meet again. This will be an advantage on both parts because through this, you now both know the strengths and weaknesses of each other. And because of this, both of the players can now plan their strategies so that they can beat the opponent next time they meet. And in so doing, they can also improve their skills and sports. In conjunction with such, the player must play fair so that both can give their best efforts that will eventually give them a sense of satisfaction. Also, as mentioned above, playing fair is also a form of socialization. When we enter into a competition, we should also bear in mind that after every after game, there will always be another chance wherein the two of you will meet again. It will also be an advantage to know your opponent not just on the court but more so, personally. You cannot just discuss your strategies but also, you can also create camaraderie, connections and friendships. This is an advantage for both players because you not only gave the audience what they are craving for; but also, it also shows that you can be defeated gracefully, which is commendable in the audiences point of view. Being a sport also gives the player a sense of â€Å"self-improvement†. Further elaborated, when the player becomes the loser, this gives him a lesson that he should constantly improve his sport or craft so that next time, he will win. Now, in view point of the winner, this does not mean that he should always be confident in his abilities. He should also be constantly honing his talent because there will always be someone out there that is better than him that might outshine him one day. Fair play serves as a constant reminder for both the player to always sharpen their respective craft to improve themselves and consequently, achieve their primary goal—which is, to win. Now, like mentioned from above, fair play does not only apply to the player. It should also apply to the other people that are prominent in a game like the coaches and other officials. There is no denying that coaches are a huge factor to develop a character and sense of sportsmanship of a player. They serve as the primary teacher which teaches us to be not just great players but also, as the ones that we take our basic course in sports. Now, since they are considered as the first teachers, it is inevitable that they should also serve as role models for players. Players should not be treated as the only stars in the game. The coaches and officials should also be a sport. This does not only break the rule of being a â€Å"teacher’ but also, it conforms to the notion of fair play. Coaches should also be able to accept winning and defeat gracefully. This does not only generate respect from the audience but more importantly, they also earn the respect of their fellow coaches and officials. And when they have already earned that respect, they should also learn to repay it to their players. With every lesson or new technique or strategy that they teach their players, it should also be accompanied with the constant lesson that the players should also learn how to be humble, or, in other words, be a sport. The whole concept of fair play will not be complete without being empathetic with the audiences. We have seen in televisions how the audiences react whenever their favorite soccer team makes a goal. The audiences should also have a proper etiquette whenever they watch their favorite team play. More often than not, audiences get too excited for their teams and eventually, it causes chaos in more ways than one. The audience should also have a concept of fair play so that there will be no casualties (both physical and egoistical) in the end. Just like their idols, they should also learn to accept defeat gracefully and understandingly. The concept of fair play or sportsmanship has been a â€Å"golden rule† in the world of sports ever since time in memoriam. Basically, it only states that players should show respect and should be fair in following the rules of the game. Not only should it apply for the players but also, for the coaches, officials and the audiences as well. Practicing fair play plays a great role in winning a game because it becomes a part of the whole game itself. Being fair implies a big responsibility not just for the players but also for the coaches, officials and the audiences as well. In playing fair, the player can re-evaluate his abilities and the strategies that he is employing if ever he losses a game. But this does not mean that the winner should now be always confident; he should rather practice more so as to hone his skills and so that, he can maintain his winning streak. Also, being fair builds camaraderie amongst players. For some, it is a form of socialization. Not only does it create friendships but also, it can also be a foundation of connections and a little bit of fame. Still, in a player’s point of point of view, it builds character. Generally, in sports, the coaches are considered as the first teachers of the athletes. They are the ones that should be responsible for how players behave and carry out the game. More importantly, they are the ones that sportsmanship should be highly visible because after all, they are the ones that created great, responsible and humble players. They should also know how to accept defeat gracefully because after all, in every game, there is always a winner and a loser. This should also be true for the officials because it is in their hands that the whole flow of the game lies. Also, they are considered as the â€Å"big boss† in a game and consequently, they can serve as a door for opportunities and a great entertainment for the audience. Lastly, to make this whole philosophy be holistic, it should also apply with the audiences. Around the world, there have been hundred reports that a simple game between two rival soccer teams causes many casualties and even suspensions for both teams. Audiences should know how to act properly in a game and should not be over excited regarding their respective teams. They should practice the concept of sportsmanship so that everything will be fair. In conclusion, the concept of sportsmanship has long been around and it is practiced since time in memoriam. It is an unwritten wherein it can save or break a game (or in some cases, even players and managers). Since it is a rule, it should be respected; but there are also situations where it has been violated and the violators have paid their price. To break it down, it is just a simple rule but pertains a heavy load of responsibility and consequences. And these consequences are downright heavy so it is will be much better for the players to just practice this philosophy so as not to get their selves into a big trouble and maybe one day, save their lives.

The Extraordinary Olive Essay -- Botany

The Extraordinary Olive The several uses of the olive tree, Olea europaea L., have long been recognized and celebrated by human civilization. Olive trees have been cultivated since prehistoric times in Asia Minor, and introduced with human migration and trade throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, into Africa, and eventually into New Zealand and North America. Thomas (1995) lists the beginning of olive cultivation as aproximately 3000 B.C. Olives appear in one of the first cookbooks ever discovered. As long ago as the 17th century B.C., the olive was considered sacred. In Greek mythology, Athena is said to have placed an olive tree on the Acropolis in order to win over the denizens of Attica, a favor for which the city became her namesake, Athens (Anonymous 1997). The champion at the Olympic Games was crowned with its leaves. "Offering an olive branch" is synonymous with peaceful intentions. The oil was burned in the lamps of sacred temples, as well as being the "eternal flame" of the Olympic games. There are many references to the olive in the Bible. One of the most significant is in the tale of Noah and the Flood. The dove, sent out to search for a sign of land and life, returned with none other than an olive branch. Moses proclaimed that all men who worked to cultivate olives were exempt from military service (Grieve 1995). The olive is often referred to as a symbol of goodness, purity, and life. The miracle of Hanukkah was the olive oil which burned for eight nights when there was only enough to last for one day (Prero 1996). It is clear that the olive was an important part of life in the Mediterranean, as is the world over today. Description Olive trees are graceful in appearance, with elegant lanceolate silv... ... shallow. The "mission olive" of California derives its name from the Franciscan missionaries who originally planted them near San Diego around 1759 (Anonymous 1997). Olive production has also recently spread to New Zealand and Australia, but these continue to be incidental yields in comparison to the Mediterranean region. References Anonymous. 1997. Olives. Grieve, M. 1995. Botanical.com; A Modern Herbal. Olive. Electric Newt. Neff, R. and D. ResSeguie. 1995. Oil of Olives, An Ancient Wonder. Sundance Natural Foods. Prero, Y. 1996. Chanukah and Olive Oil: Lessons in Devotion. YomTov, vol.II#22. Thomas, J. Dec, 1995. Olive Fact Sheet. Tous, J. and L. Ferguson. 1996. Mediterranean Fruits. From J. Janick (ed.) Progress in New Crops. ASHS Press, Arlington, VA. p.416-430. U.S.D.A. 1995. An Economic Assessment of Olives. (Executive Summary).

Perfume Market in China

Strategy for UNIQLO in India Class: Global Strategy – Optimizing your Global Footprint Professor: Mark Roeske Students: Hidenobu Hayakawa Nagasaka Sohta Nguyen Thanh Thi Phuong Waseda Summer Intensive , August 2012 Final Report Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA CONTENTS Executive Summary PART I/ UNIQLO and Apparel Industry – Overview of UNIQLO business – Apparel Industry: Value Chain & Key Success Factors PART II/ Environmental Analysis – PEST analysis for India – 5 Forces analysis for Apparel industry in India – SWOT analysis for UNIQLO’s entering into IndiaPART III/ Strategy Formation – Entry Strategy: Entry Mode – Expansion Strategy: 3 Phases – Implementation Plan: 4P, AAA Conclusion Reference Appendix 2 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Japan is famous for innovation and high-tech manufacturing industries but not for fashion. However, this fact should be reconsidered since th e brand UNIQLO, a true Japanese fashion brand, now can be found in the biggest cities of the world from world-class shopping malls like Ginza (Tokyo), Fifth Avenue (New York) to the streets of Shanghai and Malaysia.UNIQLO is the main brand of Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd (see Appendix 1 for Corporate Profile), the largest producer in apparel retailing industry in Japan and ranks the fourth in the world (after ZARA, H&M and GAP). Mr. Tadashi Yanai, the founder a nd current CEO of Fast Retailing (FR) used to be the richest man in Japan. In this report, we develop the strategy to bring UNIQLO to the world second largest population, India. The reasons why we choose this plan can be explained briefly as following.Fast Retailing aims at becoming the number one apparel retailer in the world by 2020. In order to achieve this ambitious vision, they need to boost up sales from other markets other than depending only on the already-saturated Japanese market. First venturing into international mark ets in 2001, UNIQLO now has worldwide operations, including in the U. K. , China, Hong Kong, South Korea, the United States, France, Singapore, Russia, Taiwan and Malaysia. There are very few big economies in the world that UNIQLO has not touched, which includes India.The reason for choosing India as the next destination of UNIQLO brand is mainly because of the attraction of India itself with a big population and rising GDP growth as well as an warm-welcome legal environment for foreign investment. About the structure of this report, we divide in three different parts. The first one will give an overview of UNIQLO brand, its position versa other world-top apparel brands. This part also explains the value chain of apparel industry focusing on SPA model and its relevant key success factors. The second part provides an in-depth but compact environmental analysis of India n general and its apparel industry. Based on the country and industry analysis, a summary of external and internal f actors affectin g the introduction of UNIQLO brand into India is shown in the SWOT analysis. The last but most important 3 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA part of the report focuses on forming the entry strategy as well as expansion strategy for UNIQLO in Indian market. The main data source for this report is the FR’s latest annual report for fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 as well as information available on reliable websites, which are shown in the Reference.PART I/ UNIQLO and Japanese Apparel Industry UNIQLO of Fast Retailing â€Å"Changing the World with Truly Great Clothing† is the motto of Fast Retailing which show s the corporation’s spirit, vision and strategy. The specialty retailer UNIQLO, the Group’s mainstay operation, has enjoyed strong growth by offering high-quality casual wear at reasonable prices based on its SPA (Specialty store retailer of Private label Apparel) business model, which spans product design, manufacture, distr ibution and retail. UNIQLO’s products range from denim, cashmere, knitwear & underwear to men & women jeans, trousers, shorts, shirts and t-shirts.The first UNIQLO store opened in 1984 and as mentioned above, UNIQLO now has operations in U. K. , China, Hong Kong, South Korea, the United States, France, Singapore, Russia, Taiwan and Malaysia. In 2011, th ey opened global flagship stores in Taipei, Seoul and on New York’s prestigious Fifth Avenue, as part of plans to grow business worldwide. At the end of fiscal 2011, they had 843 stores in Japan and 181 stores in other markets. Their breakthrough products include HEAT-TECH inner wear line, Ultra Light Down jackets and Cool biz line. In Japan, UNIQLO is the nation’s largest apparel retailer, with a 5. % 1 share of the 10. 7 trillion yen Japanese apparel market, and 843 stores nationwide at the end of fiscal 20 11. In fiscal 2011, sales increased 28. 7% year on year to 93. 7 billion yen and operating profit grew 40 . 6% to 8. 9 billion yen. While this is still only a small amount compared to UNIQLO Japan’s sales of 600. 1 billion yen, UNIQLO international’s operations in Asia are providing highly profitable. The total number of UNIQLO International stores stood at 181 at the end of August 2011. They plan to add another 107 to boost the total to 288 stores by the end of August 2012. Fast Retailing’s Annual Report 2011 4 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA The chart below envisions the breakdown of UNIQLO sales in the future: (Source: Annual report yearend 2011, Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd) Apparel Industry The following chart shows the current ranking of major global SPAs in the apparel world (Source: Annual report yearend 2011, Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd) SPA business model incorporates the entire clothes-making process from procurement of materials, product planning, development and manufacture through distribution and retail to inventory management.To ensure the develo pment of products of exceptional quality, UNIQLO has refined its SPA business model to control the entire business process (see UNIQLO business model in Appendix 2). UNIQLO successfully differentiates itself from other companies by developing unique products and minimize store operation cost. This model is described in the flow of supply and key success factors are identified as below: ?1) Product Planning Key Success Factor: Product development based on customer feedback. Market-Out is a one of key driver for UNIQULO to attract consumer where their preference are diversified. Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA ?2) Raw material Purchase Key Success Factor: Material procurement from around the world. The UNIQLO Material Development Team is able to procure high-quality materials at low costs through direct negotiations with and bulk purchases from material manufacturers globally. ?3) Production Key Success Factor: a) Expert technical guidance at factories emphasizes quality in order to produce millions of products of standardized quality. b) Flexible to produce in small unit(lot) ? 4) Sales & Marketing Key Success Factor: Flagship Stores Boosts the BrandUNIQLO is seeking to build its brand through its network of global flagship stores. Global flagship stores serve as hubs to get out the UNIQLO message, and concept of high-quality basics, while showcasing what sets UNIQLO apart from competitors such as H&M, Zara or Gap. PART II/ Environmental Analysis 1/ PEST analysis for India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. Its population is around 1. 2 billion, second largest after China. In term of the ease of doing business, India ranks 132nd, even worse than Pakistan (105th). ? Political factor:About its political system, India is the world's most populous democracy with a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. However, India ranks 95th over 185 countries in term of corruption rate and the corporation tax is really hig h at 40%. The law was changed in 2011 and it allows foreign companies to have wholly own subsidiary. Although tax and corruption are negative points, there are lots of positive points as the current Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh, promised to bring more transparency in work of public servant and create no barriers to investment in India ?Potential impact to UNIQLO: It is an ideal timing for UQNILO to go to India now because from 24th November 2011, Indian government allowed a foreign company to have its wholly-own subsidiary of retailer. However, it needs to pay attention to potential legal risks from Indian inflexible Labor Law, for 6 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA example, practically impossible to fire someone in India, requiring payment of annual bonuses even if the company wasn’t profitable, high compensation for workers that suffer injury/death on site of employment and trend of getting stringent on working condition and minimum wage law enforcement. Economi c factor: India is a rapidly rising power. Its GDP growth rate is impressively high (2009: 8. 24%, 2010: 9. 55%, 2011: 6. 86%). In term of nominal GDP, it ranks 11th in the world. Nevertheless, GDP per capita is very low compared to the other BRIC countries ($1,389, 140th ranking). India contains the largest concentration of people living below the World Bank's international poverty line of US$1. 25 per day. Inflation rate is very high of 11. 99% in 2010 and 8. 63% in 2011. As for apparel industry, the total market capitalization is expected to increase from US$32. billion in 2009 to US$57 billion in 2015. ?Potential impact to UNIQLO: consumer’s demand is increasing more and more in the future. Therefore, Indian apparel market creates a huge chance for UNIQLO. However, India is too big to deal with as a one country, so that cities are important to define business strategy. The first targeted destination should be Mumbai, which is the biggest city in population (12. 5 mil peop le) and its density (20,694/km2) is four times higher than Tokyo (5,541/km2). It is absolutely a very promising business because there is no tariff to clothing between Japan and India from 2010. Social factors: Population growth rate is 1. 4% per year and India is expected to reach 1. 4 billion in 2030. The literacy rate is about 74. 04% (2011) and there are more than 90 million English speakers. This population is divided in the following age structure: 0-14 years: 31. 8%, 15-64 years: 63. 1% and 65 years and above: 5. 1%. Their lands are fertile and very good for agriculture. The weather is various in locations and there are summer and winter and raining seasons. ?Potential impact to UNIQLO: UNIQLO should make unique comfortable products suitable for various climates.Although India provides cheap labor cost, the deviation in salary base in India is very large, 2-3 times difference by education and 20-30 times difference for professionals. Another important factor for consideration is related to the labor union in India. There are about 8,000 Labor Unions and they are very active. 7 Final Report ? [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA Technology factors: India is well-known as the land of IT outsourcing, so the infrastructure as well as transport and communication should be good. Nevertheless, there are more and more blackouts recently.As for textile, India is a big textile producer as being the largest producer of Jute, Cotton, Silk, Cellulosic and Synthetic fiber/Yarn. ?Potential impact to UNIQLO: in the long run, UNIQLO should make its own products in India to take the advantage of cheap raw material and low-paid labor sources. However, they now need to build up their distribution from the scratch. 2/ 5 Forces analysis for apparel industry of India In general, the PEST analysis shows favorable results to the business plan of introducing UNIQLO brand in India.In order to form the entry mode as well as competition strategy for UNIQLO, an in-depth understanding of cu rrent apparel industry of India is needed. The 5 forces model of Porter is applied to identify involving forces of this industry and details are shown below: ? Threat of new entrants: High Barrier to new entrant into apparel industry is low because there are no restrictions and the current Indian government shows warm welcome to foreign investment. On the other hand, â€Å"Functional Fiber’’ could lose its uniqueness and distinctiveness by products from other apparel companies.For example, Private brand from Chemical companies (like Du Pont Company) could be our rival in this category. ? Bargaining power of suppliers: Low As the main raw materials are â€Å"Cotton and Functional fiber’’ and cotton is commodity, UNIQLO can find the cotton source from various suppliers in and outside the country. More importantly, UNIQLO has a strong sourcing of functional fiber from Toray, its strategic partner. They have had a good corpo ration on global base under a lo ng-term contract. Finally, access to distribution channels is not limited and retailers provide shelf-space when they receive listing fees here in India. Bargaining power of buyer: Medium There is no switching cost for buyers. Most of the POS (Point of sales) are PAPAMAMA shop but they are small in size and not able to exercise buying power. However, due to the regulation change in 2010 8 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA with regard to the field of retailer, quantity of mass–retailers has been increasing at urban area, making buyer bargaining power stronger. Consumer spending on fashion products has grown at 7. 1% annually from 2002 through 2010. There is a rising affluence which helps to increase brand awareness among Indian consumers.Indian is among the most brand conscious countries in the world (according to the â€Å"Nielsen Global Luxury Brands Study†). Indian often spend around 100$ on an average for apparel. To them, the most important factor is the l ook and feel of the product and price is also another important factor. Therefore, UNIQLO should market itself as the highly functional and innovative clothing brand from Japan to be sold at reasonable price. ? Threat of substitute products of service: High The substitutes are various from price, quality to brand as well as ease of access to customers.Local apparel manufacturers have consolidated in group and they are strong at low-cost operation. Still people have preference in local style outfit (their traditional custom: sari). ? Rivalry of competition: High India is considered an attractive market for luxury brands, about 50 premium and luxury brands, including Zara, GAP, Tommy Hilfiger, Guess, Benetton, Levi’s etc, have opened stores in India in recent years. Direct competitors of SPAs like UNIQLO (GAP and Zara) have been doing business in India and they have solid portions of market share in the non-functional category. Rivalry among existing companies is fierce.Regardi ng strengths and weaknesses of current competitors, Zara’s strength lies in its ability to quickly bring the latest designs to its stores while Levi’s and Benetton strengths are in their supply chains as they have been in India for more than 10 years. Shopper’s stop and Provogue are local players and they are available in more locations of customer attraction. However, current competitors also have weaknesses like: due to fewer seasonal variations, driving new fashions every season hasn’t been easy for them. Except Benetton, most of other brands do not offer traditional (embroidery) and colorful stuff, which Indians prefer more.Some of the competitors do not have good distribution infrastructure. In brief, the market in India is still in its early ages and is growing at a high rate. A lot of other premium brands are planning to open their stores in India soon. Market size is big especially in its tier-1 three most populous cities namely Mumbai, New Delhi and Bangalore (more than 30 million people in total). 9 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA UNIQLO targets customers of all ages and genders, but in its first bricks, it should focus on customer aging from 15-64 and who is more brand conscious.The targeted customers should earn more than $100 dollars per month to afford UNIQLO products. 3/ SWOT analysis for UNIQLO in India The overview of UNIQLO business and the results of PEST and 5 forces analysis help us recognize the external factors and internal factors affecting to the investment decision and strategy formation of UNIQLO in India. All important factors are summarized in the SWOT frameworks below: Strengths Weakness – High quality, functional products for wide range of customer and to be sold at – UNIQLO originally had image of cheap clothes for everybody with basic designs Japanese culture is still the core value of FR reasonable price – Being famous for innovative products back up by Japan technolo gy innovation while Indian working culture is very much different. – Having strategic cooperation with suppliers (TORAY) – Shortage of global human resources due to the language barriers. – Having strong global footprint – Lack of well-established distribution network – Good SCM with SPA model – The financial status is very healthy Opportunities Threats – Increasing demand of functional products with high-tech and innovative materials in government welcomes oreign investment (apparel) – High Yen – Increase of purchasing power and brand consciousness in India price for market share. – Instability of consumption tax and regulations the second populous world. – Indian – Strong competition which may cause a war of – Different wear behavior of targeted customers and poor access to shopping centers – The global economic downturn and Indian slow GDP growth – Social matters (labor union, war with Afghan, security risk, market exit) – High rental at shopping mall 10 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA PART III/ Strategy Formation 1/ StrategyBased on environmental analysis as well as strengths and weaknesses of UNIQLO, following is the suggested strategies for UNIQLO upon entering into India. Vision: Becoming the number one lifestyle apparel SPA in India in next 10 years. ? Value Positioning: highly functional clothes selling at middle to high price ? Competitive strategy: Differentiation by innovative product and aiming to be creator of new clothe types (ex: HEAT-TECH or Ultra Light Down Jacket lines) ? Targeted segmentation: Customer aging from 15 to 64 years old of both genders, belonging to the social classes having medium and high-income, living in urban area. Entry mode: first entering as a wholly-own subsidiary of Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd and later expand the store networks through alliance with strategic retailers or franchising/licensing models . UNIQLO had very successful business results with the wholly-own branch model in other countries like China, US and EU, which should be an advantage for them in India. ? Expansion Strategy: Phase-based model Phase 1 (Year 1 – Year 2) Market penetration & Brand and Network building Target: Having piloted 5 big-sized stores in the five most condensed shopping malls of Mumbai (5 stores) Phase 2 (Year 3- Year 5)Brand building & Regional expansion Target: Having 10 stores in malls of 4 big cities: Mumbai, Delhi, new Delhi and Bangalore (40 stores) Phase 3 (Year 6 ~ Year 10) Brand strengthening & National expansion Target: Building the first flagship store in Mumbai and having in total 100 stores nation-wide (1 flagship and 100 stores) 2/ Implementation plan: To realize the above strategy, 4P marketing framework has been applied and details are shown in the table below: 11 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA Products Place – Phase 1: emphasize functional inner wear à ¢â‚¬â€œ Phase 1: start from big-sized stores in top-tier ine (heat-up and cool-biz types). This makes shopping malls in Mumbai and corporate with Indian more comfortable when combining domestic retailers who are easy to be controlled UNIQLO innerwear with their traditional by UNIQLO. sari. – Phase 2: develop various stores in big and – Phase 2: offer diverse casual apparel small shopping malls in top 4 biggest cities products of vivid designs for men and including Mumbai, Delhi, New Delhi, and women for any occasions. (T-shirt, sleeveless Bangalore. dress, jackets, jeans, etc ) – Phase 3: design styles and develop materials for Indian market to turn UNIQLO as the Phase 3: Open one world-class flagship store in Mumbai and increase the store quantity through franchising or licensing nation-wide. leading lifestyle clothes for domestic people. Price Promotion – Pricing for UNIQLO in India will be based – The store design, furniture, fixtures and music competitors’ pricing in India as well as its are all carefully planned and coordinated to global price strategy. create a shopping experience that reflects – Considering UNIQLO’s unique differentiated products and the income of target customers, the price will range from medium to high. global UNIQLO's brand concept. Marketing strategy will emphasize on the senses to inspire the aspiration lifestyles as – The possibility of lowering price of some Unique Clothing via strong investment in products is high because GPD per capita of advertising on TVs, journalism and on-line India is still very low compared to other websites. Discounts at weekends and special BRICs. ceremonies will be applied to boost the sales. Moreover, India is a totally different market compared to its home Japan in term of culture, religion and politics. Therefore, in order to win in this market, UNIQLO must follow the triple A strategy for its global operation and planning. Adaptation: India is very big and varies in climate, tribes, religion and tradition. Therefore, UNIQLO has to provide diverse products adapting to wear behavior of localities . For example, in Mumbai, where UNIQLO aims to open first stores, is very hot so UNIQLO's high -tech dry T-shirt would be ideal. At the very end, UNIQLO should provide the specific design and fabric exclusively for India (ex: embroidery products with vivid color). By adapting the firm’s products and services to the local 12 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA context, it can boost revenues and market share. ?Aggregation: India's population is 10 times than Japan and this market is getting bigger and bigger. Therefore, if UNIQLO makes a big success in Indian market, they would get the benefits of economy of scale by turning India into regional or even global operation of UNIQLO. Although they now have a production factory in Sri Lanka, India is a very much bigger market connecting to the Asian sub continent. I n the future, all development, production and marketing can be grouped in India as the regional operations headquarter. ? Arbitrage: India has a big apparel cluster and cheap labor force.On the other hand, now in China, where 80% productions of UNIQLO products are there, labor wage is increasing rapidly. If UNIQLO decided to go to India, they can move factories from China to India to reduce to cost burden as well as avoid the threat of intense political conflict between China and Japan. CONCLUSION UNIQLO aims to create apparel MADE FOR ALL, offering the elements of style in clothes that suit diverse values of customers. Therefore, although India is diverse in term of culture and shopping behavior, in the one-world one-market era, UNIQLO has a big chance.According to us, short-term goal for UNIQLO is to set up profitable business model and increase brand awareness. Long-term goal is to be a leading lifestyle brand in India. Starting from high-profile shopping centers, then flagship s tores but eventually UNIQLO would become popular functional casual clothing that its shops can be found in every cities of India. As for organization and operation, to meet up with the huge demand of labor force in the future, we suggest UNIQLO to recruit and train university graduates in India in the same way as in Japan (either in India or Japan).The fresh approach to staff training will facilitate aggressive new stores openings in India later. Finally, regarding the corporate culture, in order to avoid cultural conflicts as well as to preserve UNIQLO’s Japanese Core Values amid Globalization, (UNIQLO is a company born and bred in Japan), they should balance and integrate its Japanese DNA and Indian DNA to feature itself as a new type of Japanese-originated global corporation. 13 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA REFERENCE 1/ Note on Globalization and Strategy http://www. iese. edu/en/files/AR-Apuntes9. pdf 2/ Fast Retailing Latest Annual Report 2011 http://www. as tretailing. com/eng/ir/library/annual. html 3/ Other websites: http://www. jetro. go. jp/world/asia/in/biznews/4ed43b5b0cb20 http://www. jetro. go. jp/world/asia/in/invest_04/ http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index http://ja. wikipedia. org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89 http://www. google. co. jp/publicdata/explore? ds=d5bncppjof8f9_=ny_gdp_mktp_kd_zg m=country:IND=ja=ja=%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89gdp%E6%88%90%E9%95 %B7%E7%8E%87) http://ja. wikipedia. org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89) http://www. google. co. jp/url? sa=t=j==s=web=1=0CGAQFjAA =http%3A%2F%2Fcsi. ckinsey. com%2F~%2Fmedia%2FExtranets%2FConsumer%2520Shopper%252 0Insights%2FReports%2FIndias_fast_growing_apparel_market. ashx=LtM0UN7mGIb4mAWmwoG YCQ=AFQjCNE5VELIQ-B385iwXw_VnAjkCscOCw=rXzMNQp0szM7wLXWKzPqXQ http://ja. wikipedia. org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89 http://ecodb. net/country/IN/imf_inflation. html#pcpipch http://www. meti. go. jp/policy/trade_policy/epa/country/pdf/india0408. pdf h ttp://www. google. co. jp/url? sa=t=j==s=web=1=0CGAQFjAA =http%3A%2F%2Fcsi. mckinsey. com%2F~%2Fmedia%2FExtranets%2FConsumer%2520Shopper%252 0Insights%2FReports%2FIndias_fast_growing_apparel_market. shx=LtM0UN7mGIb4mAWmwoG YCQ=AFQjCNE5VELIQ-B385iwXw_VnAjkCscOCw=rXzMNQp0szM7wLXWKzPqXQ http://www. indexmundi. com/india/age_structure. ht 14 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA APPENDIX Appendix 1: Fast Retailing Corporation Profile Index Figure Country Japan Found year 1963 Sales( billion) 820. 35(2011. 8) Net profit( billion) 54. 35 Total assets( billion) 533. 78 ROE(%) 18. 1 Market value (() 14,742 Stores 2088 (10 countries) Employees (full-time) 14,612 Region sales rate 73(Japan):27(Oversea) (Source: Annual report yearend 2011, Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd) 15

Rdg/543 Dynamic Literacy Classroom Essay - 8655 Words

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